Drilling machine parts

The different parts of a drilling machine are shown in the figure below :

1. Base
2. Column
3. Table
4. Head
5. Spindle, quill and drill head assembly
6. Spindle drive and feed mechanism

• Base :

The base is the part of the machine on which vertical column is mounted.

The top of the base in the round column and has T-slots on it so large workpiece and work holding devices may be set up and bolted on it.

• Column

The column is the vertical member of the machine which supports the table and the head containing all the driving mechanism.

The column should be sufficiently rigid so that it can up the entire cutting pressure of the drill.

• Table :

The table is mounted on the column and is provided with T-slots for clamping the work directly on its face.

The table may be round or rectangular in shape.

For centring work below the spindle the table of drilling machine may have three types of adjustment :

• Vertical adjustment
• Radial adjustment
• Circular adjustment

• Head :

The drill head is mounted on the top of the column and houses the driving and feeding mechanism for the spindle.

In some of the machines the drill head may be adjusted up or down for accommodating different heights of work in addition to table adjustment.

• Spindle and drill head assembly :

The spindle is a vertical shaft which holds the drill.

It receives its motion from the top shaft through bevel gears.

• Spindle drive and feed mechanism

The spindle drive mechanism of a drilling machine incorporates and arrangement for obtaining multiple speed of the spindle similar to a lathe to suit to various conditions.

Multiple speed of the spindle may be obtained as follows : 

• By step cone pulley drive
• By step cone pulley drive with one or more back gears
• By gearing