Closed die forging application

Due to its high precision, closed die forging is preferred for small critical parts with consideration for safety. It is mainly used to produce small products like forged fittings, forged lifting and rigging hardware, forged automotive parts, etc. Now let we check the applications of closed die forging one by one below. 

Applications of closed die forging : 

• According to the advantages of closed die forging, it has become the main metal forming process in modern manufacturing. It can be used for lots of metal components for cars, aeroplane, heavy trucks, shipbuilding, etc. 
• The motivation that encourages many manufacturers to change the production process into closed die forging because it offers better surface finish with good quality, also the price is competitive so we could use this process in below application. 

Automotive application: Connecting rod, control arm, rock arm, axle shafts, axle beams, axle arms, steering yokes. 

Construction machinery applications: Bucket teeth, excavator. 

Agriculture applications: Shafts, spike harrow teeth, tie rod ends, gears. 

Oilfield applications: Elbow, hammer union nuts, cross, tee. 

Mining applications: Ground foundation and auger bits. 

Open die forging application

The differences between open and closed forging process make the end product look different and the major difference in application lies in the size of the product. Now let we understand and applications of open die forging.

Applications : 

• It is the rough process of forging as it does not involve a fixed die size so this process does not use in precision. 
• This process is best suited for forging bigger and heavier metal parts like forged shafts and rollers that find their application in railways because not required much surface finishing machining and create ultra-finished products. 
• The advantages of this process range from better microstructure as the grain size are fine and have a continuous flow this the products in forging method include forged long shafts, forged rollers, and forged cylinders which mostly used for the application of many industries. 

Applications of magneto ignition system

Magneto ignition system finds applications in the engine where other means of electricity not available, such as chainsaws and lawnmowers because of self-powered characteristics. It also used where other means of electricity also available in the aviation piston engine. The spark intensity increases with the speed of the engine, so it is used in racing cars. Some other applications are following below. 

Application of magneto ignition system : 

• Tractors, oil burners and outboard motors
• Washing machine 
• Trucks and cement mixture trucks
• Used in buses
• Aeroplane engine
• Power units
• Marine and natural gas engines

Watt governor application

Let us check out the Watt governor application here in this article. 

Application of Watt governor:

• Watt governor used to maintain the engine's speed of the truck.
• It is also used in ships and trains.
• It is used in a steam turbine, the internal combustion engine and variously fueled turbines. 
• Watt governor is also used in AC generators to maintain the electricity supply with the load increase on it. 
• It is used in automobiles to restrict engine RPM and total speed. 
• It also protects the engine from excessive rotational speed.
• We also used it in that system where working fluid and speed of the system are the main issues. 

Lami theorem is applicable only for

Application of Lami's theorem :

Lami's theorem is used to describe an equilibrium of three forces but not for more forces. 

It isn't much used any more since the development of vector algebra in the 1900s. 

Lami's theorem applicable to more than three forces by resolving the system into 3 forces and make sure that none of the three angles is greater than 180°.

Applications of friction welding

The quality of weld obtained is very high so that the friction welding has been widely accepted in the aerospace industry as well as the automobile industry for the welding of critical parts. 

It is frequently being used instead of upset welding applications where one of the components to be joined has axial symmetry.

Applications of friction welding :

• The main applications of this process are welding of studs to plates of any thickness. 
• For welding of tubes and shafts. 
• Gears, axle tube, valves, driveline all these components of automobile industries are made by this process. 
• It is used to replace forging or casting assembly.
• Hydraulic piston rod, truck roller bushes are also joined by this process.
• It is also used in electrical industries for welding copper and aluminium equipment. 
• Gear levers, drill bits connecting rod also a made by this process. 
• Almost any metal that can be hot forged and is unsuitable for a dry bearing application can be friction welded. 
• Production of marine engine valves, the valves so produced are as good as or superior to those produced by forging.

Application of belt drive

There are different variations of industrial machining application of belt drive that employ a wide range of different types of synchronous timing belt drive systems. 

Application of belt drive :

• Automobile timing belt 
• Treadmills
• Sewing machine
• Drilling machine with speed cone pulleys
• An open belt drive in a jig-saw machine
• Lathe machine with time belt
• A planner machine with guide pulleys 
• A flat belt in a circular saw machine  

Applications of adsorption

Applications of adsorption :

• Activated charcoal is used in gas masks in which all undesirable or toxic gases are observed selectively by charcoal, while purified air passes through its pores. 
• Activated charcoal is used for removing colouring matter of sugar solution and the decolouration of vinegar. 
• Silica and Alumina gels are used as an adsorbent for removing moisture and for controlling humidities of room. Silica Gel has been employed for drying air, used in blast surfaces.
• Charcoal adsorption filters are used for removing organic matter from drinking water.
• Selective adsorption by alumina, magnesia has been used for separating different pigments by adsorption chromatography. 
• During arsenic poisoning, colloidal fabric hydroxide is administered. The letter absorbs the arsenic poison and retails it can thus be removed from the body by vomiting. 
• Fuller's earth is used in large quantities for refining petroleum and vegetable oil due to its good adsorption capacity for unwanted materials. 
• The phenomenon of adsorption is useful in heterogeneous catalysis Example: contact process, Haber's process, hydro generation of oils based on the adsorption process. 
• Adsorption the process is used in the production of a vacuum by using activated charcoal in dewar's flask.
• Lake test for Al⁺ Lake test for Al⁺³ is based upon adsorption of litmus colour by Al(OH)₃ precipitate. 
• Mordants used in Dying cloth, adsorb the dye particles, which otherwise, do not speak to the clothes.

Electron beam welding applications

Electron beam welding process is done under the vacuum, the welds are clean and free from oxides and nitrides so this process posses various application.

Application of electron beam welding : 

• High depth-to-width ratio eliminates multiple-pass welds. Penetration is 0.001 to 2 inches.
• Welds up to 95% of the strength of the base material.
• By using this process welds in close proximity to heat-sensitive components because of minimizes shrinkage and distortion.
• Precise control and repeatability at speeds from 1 to 200 inches per minute.
• This process permits welding of refractory and dissimilar metals not weldable with another conventional welding process.
• Electron beam welding is ideal for sealing of pre-evacuated housings and electrical components.
• In power generation, vacuum system and medical field. 
• In aerospace sensors like jet engine components, transmission components, parts of structures.
• In space sensors like titanium tanks.
• In automotive industries gears, transmission part, parts of a turbocharger.
• Welding of metals with dissimilar melting points for example - steel to nickel alloys, copper to nickel alloys, copper to steel, tantalum to tungsten.

Laser beam welding application

Application of laser beam welding :

• Used in aerospace and automotive applications for welding a high-strength aluminium alloys and titanium alloys.
• Used in welding a magnesium alloys parts.
• Welding of non-porous seams in medical technology.
• Precision spot welding in electronics or jewellery industries.
• To welding complete car bodies in the automobile industries.
• To deposit welding in tool and mould-making.
• Pressed components to hydroformed tubes or extrusions.
• Production of node structures in aluminium alloy castings or extrusions.
• Production of stiffened structures consisting of the welded sheet.
• Recent advancements in scanner optical configurations, scanner controls, and real-time interfaces to optical sensors are also application of laser beam welding.

Application of rolling contact bearing

Rolling contact bearings are used in the following applications.

• Machine tool spindles 
• Automobile front and rear axles 
• Rope sheaves 
• Crane hooks
• Hoisting drums
• Gearboxes 

Application of sliding contact bearing

Sliding contact bearings are used in the following applications :

• Centrifugal pumps 
• Large size electric motors 
• Steam and gas turbine
• Crankshaft bearings in petrol and diesel engine 
• Concrete mixtures
• Rope conveyors 
• Marine industries in installation 

Application of plain carbon steel

Depending upon the percentage of carbon, plain carbon steels are classified into the following category :

1. Low carbon steel
2. Medium carbon steel
3. High carbon steel

Some of the important application of plain carbon steel is following below.

Applications of plain carbon steel :

1. 7C4 used for components made by severe drawing operation such as automobile bodies and hoods.
2. 10C4 used for case hardened components such as cams and cam shafts, gudgeon pin, sprocket and spindle.
3. 30C8 used for cold-formed and case hardened parts such as a socket, tie road, yoke, lever and rocker arm.
4. 40C8 used for transmission shaft, crank shaft, connecting road, bolts
5. 45C8 used for machine tool spindle, transmission shaft, bolts and gears of large dimensions
6. 50C4 used for transmission shaft,, worms, gears and cylinders.
7. 55C8 used for components with moderate wear resistance such as gears, cam, sprocket, cylinder and key.
8. 60C4 used for machine tool spindle, hardened bolt and pinion.
9. 65C6 used to make coil and leaf spring.

Application of investment casting

Application of investment casting :

This process was used in the olden days for preparation of jewellery and surgical instruments.

Nowadays this process is used for making products like vanes and blades for the gas turbine, shuttle eyes for weaving, waveguides for radars, bolts and triggers for firearms, stainless steel valve bodies and impellers for turbochargers.

Application of laser

The main characteristics of laser radiation are following below.

• Coherence
• Very narrow bandwidth
• High directionality
• Extreme brightness

With the above characteristics, the lasers have a wide range of application in different disciplines such as physics, chemistry, medicine, engineering etc. 

Application of laser : 

• The laser is a coherent source, measurement of distances based on interferromagnetic techniques is made much simpler.
• The large distance can be also measured by laser. 
• The time taken for a laser pulse to travel from the laser to the target and back again is measured. Using such a method, the distance between earth and moon have been determined to an accuracy of +-0.15 m.
• The laser beam is highly intense hence it can be used in application like Laser beam welding, Laser cutting of material.
• The laser also is suitable for machining and drilling holes.
• The most successful therapeutic application of the laser has been in eye-surgery for the detached retina.
• Lasers also can serve as war-weapon for military purpose.
• The laser can be used for investigating the structure of molecules.
• Lasers also being employed for separating the various isotopes of an element.
• The narrowness of bandwidth of lasers, the strongest capacity for information in computers is improved.
• Due to a narrow bandwidth, lasers are used in microwave communication. so in the field of communications, laser offers unusual advantages.
• Lasers have also been used for the treatment of dental decay, the destruction of malignant tumours and the treatment of skin diseases.
• Genetic research using laser is quite popular.
• The IBM corporation is trying to transmit an entire memory bank from one computer to another by using a laser beam.

Application of EDM

The EDM provides economic advantages for making stamping tools, wire drawing and extrusion dies, header dies, intricate mould cavities.

It extremely used in aerospace industries, refractory metals, hard carbides and hardenable steels.

EDM application : 

• Drilling of micro-holes
• Thread cutting
• Helical profile milling
• Wire-cutting EDM
• Rotary forming
• Curved hole drilling
• Vacuum tubes

Application of laser beam machining

Laser beam machining applications :

• Suitable for exceptional cases like machining very small holes and cutting complex profiles in a thin and hard material like ceramics.
• Sheet metal trimming, blanking and resistor trimming.
• Used in mass micromachining production, not for mass material removal.
• Used in partial cutting or engraving.
• To drilling micro holes in turbine engine blades.
• In both soft and hard materials cutting.
• Scribing of any material.
• Patterning displays of all glass and plastic wafers and chips.
• Can be used for dynamic balance of rotating parts.
• Welding of non-conductive and refractory material.
• Jewellers also use laser welding on delicate pieces of jewellery.
• Laser beams perform intricate cuts in plastic.

Application of electron beam machining

Electron beam machining application : 

• To drill fine gas orifices.
• For use less than 0.002 mm work.
• In space nuclear reactors.
• Turbine blades for supersonic aero-engines.
• To produce metering holes in injector nozzles in diesel engines.
• To scribe thin films.
• To remove small broken taps from holes.
• In transmission assembly.
• To produce wire drawing die.